Israeli currency 1 New Shekel banknote 1986 Bank of Israel
Obverse: Portrait of Maimonides (Rambam); a passage from his manuscript of the "Mishneh Torah" (code of Jewish law); the denomination "One New Sheqel" and "Bank of Israel" in Hebrew.
Reverse: Stylized view of Tiberias where Maimonides is buried; an ancient candelabrum; the denomination "1 New Sheqel" and "Bank of Israel" in Arabic and English.
Watermark: Portrait of Maimonides.
Security thread: In the middle of the note.
Look-through: A triangle on the front merges with a triangle on the back to form a Star of David when held against the light.
Sign for the blind: A triangle in the lower right-hand corner of the front.
Colour of numbering: Black.
Signatures: Governor of the Bank Moshe Mandelbaurn; Chairman of the Advisory Council Avraham Shapira.
Design: Zvi Narkiss assisted by Arie Glazer.
Year: 1986.
Date of issue: May 8, 1986.
Size: 138 X 76 mm.
Dominant colour: Green.
Israel Banknotes - Israel Paper Money
First Series of the New Sheqel
The Israeli new shekel has been in use since 1 January 1986 when it replaced the old shekel that was in usage between 24 February 1980 and 31 December 1985, at a ratio of 1000:1.
1 New Sheqel 5 New Sheqalim 10 New Sheqalim 20 New Sheqalim
50 New Sheqalim 100 New Sheqalim 200 New Sheqalim
Maimonides
Moshe ben Maimon, or Mūsā ibn Maymūn, acronymed RaMBaM (Hebrew: רמב"ם – for "Rabbeinu Moshe Ben Maimon", "Our Rabbi/Teacher Moses Son of Maimon"), and Latinized Moses Maimonides, was a preeminent medieval Spanish, Sephardic Jewish philosopher, astronomer and one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars and physicians of the Middle Ages. He was born in Córdoba (present-day Spain), Almoravid Empire on Passover Eve, 1135 or 1138, and died in Egypt on December 12, 1204, whence his body was taken to the lower Galilee and buried in Tiberias. He was a rabbi, physician, and philosopher in Morocco and Egypt.
Although his writings on Jewish law and ethics were met with acclaim and gratitude from most Jews, even as far off as Iraq and Yemen, and he rose to be the revered head of the Jewish community in Egypt, there were also vociferous critics of some of his writings, particularly in Spain. But, he was posthumously acknowledged to be one of the foremost rabbinical arbiters and philosophers in Jewish history, and his copious work comprises a cornerstone of Jewish scholarship. His fourteen-volume Mishneh Torah still carries significant canonical authority as a codification of Talmudic law. In the Yeshiva world, he is called sometimes "haNesher haGadol" (the great eagle) in recognition of his outstanding status as a bona fide exponent of the Oral Torah.
Aside from being revered by Jewish historians, he is also very prominent in the history of Islamic and Arab sciences and is mentioned extensively in the studies. He was influenced by and influenced other prominent Arab and Muslim philosophers and scientists, such as Avicenna, Averroes and Al-Farabi. He lived to become a prominent philosopher and polymath in both the Jewish and Islamic worlds.
Mishneh Torah
The Mishneh Torah (Hebrew: מִשְׁנֵה תּוֹרָה, "Repetition of the Torah"), subtitled Sefer Yad ha-Hazaka (ספר יד החזקה "Book of the Strong Hand"), is a code of Jewish religious law (Halakha) authored by Maimonides (Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, also known as RaMBaM or "Rambam"), one of history's foremost rabbis. The Mishneh Torah was compiled between 1170 and 1180 (4930–4940), while Maimonides was living in Egypt, and is regarded as Maimonides' magnum opus. Accordingly, later sources simply refer to the work as "Maimon", "Maimonides" or "RaMBaM", although Maimonides composed other works.
Mishneh Torah consists of fourteen books, subdivided into sections, chapters, and paragraphs. It is the only Medieval-era work that details all of Jewish observance, including those laws that are only applicable when the Holy Temple is in existence, and remains an important work in Judaism.
Its title is an appellation originally used for the Biblical book of Deuteronomy, and its subtitle, "Book of the Strong Hand," derives from its subdivision into fourteen books: the numerical value fourteen, when represented as the Hebrew letters Yod (10) Dalet (4), forms the word yad ("hand").
Maimonides intended to provide a complete statement of the Oral Law, so that a person who mastered first the Written Torah and then the Mishneh Torah would be in no need of any other book. Contemporary reaction was mixed, with strong and immediate opposition focusing on the absence of sources and the belief that the work appeared to be intended to supersede study of the Talmud. Maimonides responded to these criticisms, and the Mishneh Torah endures as an influential work in Jewish religious thought. According to several authorities, a decision may not be rendered in opposition to a view of Maimonides, even where he apparently militated against the sense of a Talmudic passage, for in such cases the presumption was that the words of the Talmud were incorrectly interpreted. Likewise: "One must follow Maimonides even when the latter opposed his teachers, since he surely knew their views, and if he decided against them he must have disapproved their interpretation."
Tiberias
Tiberias (Hebrew: טְבֶרְיָה, Tveria; Arabic: طبرية, Ṭabariyyah) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. Established around 20 CE, it was named in honour of the 2nd Emperor of the Roman Empire Tiberius. In 2016 it had a population of 43,148.
Tiberias was held in great respect in Judaism from the middle of the 2nd century CE and since the 16th century has been considered one of Judaism's Four Holy Cities, along with Jerusalem, Hebron and Safed. In the 2nd–10th centuries, Tiberias was the largest Jewish city in the Galilee and the political and religious hub of the Jews of Israel. Its immediate neighbour to the south, Hammat Tiberias, which is now part of modern Tiberias, has been known for its hot springs, believed to cure skin and other ailments, for some two thousand years.