Israeli currency 100 Sheqalim banknote 1979 Bank of Israel
Obverse: Portrait of Ze'ev Jabotinsky; the old inn "Shuni" near Binyamina; the denomination "One Hundred Sheqalim" and "Bank of Israel" in Hebrew.
Reverse: Herod Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem; the word "Jerusalem" in microtext; "Bank of Israel" in Hebrew, English and Arabic.
Watermark: Profile of Ze'ev Jabotinsky.
Security thread: On the left-hand side of the note.
Look-through: The first zero in the number "100" In the upper left-hand corner of the front merges with the corresponding zero in the number "100" in the upper right-hand corner of the back.
Sign for the blind: Parallel horizontal lines, narrow In the middle and wide in the upper and lower sides.
Colour of numbering: Black.
Signatures: Governor of the Bank Arnon Gafni; Chairman of the Advisory Council David Horowitz.
Design: Dutch artists.
Year: 1979.
Date of issue: December 11, 1980.
Ceased to be legal tender: September 4, 1986.
Note: A special issue of this denomination has two brown squares beside the numbering.
Size: 159 X 76 mm.
Dominant colour: Orange-brown.
Israel Banknotes - Israel Paper Money
Currency reform 1980, 10 Lirot = 1 Sheqel.
1 Sheqel 5 Sheqalim 10 Sheqalim 50 Sheqalim 100 Sheqalim
500 Sheqalim 1000 Sheqalim 5000 Sheqalim 10000 Sheqalim
Ze'ev Jabotinsky
Ze'ev Jabotinsky, (Vladimir Yevgenyevich Zhabotinsky, born 1880, Odessa, Russian Empire [now in Ukraine]—died Aug. 3, 1940, near Hunter, N.Y., U.S.), Zionist leader, journalist, orator, and man of letters who founded the militant Zionist Revisionist movement that played an important role in the establishment of the State of Israel.
Jabotinsky began his career in 1898 as a foreign correspondent, but his popularity as a journalist led to his recall to Odessa in 1901 as an editorial writer. By 1903 Jabotinsky began to expound Zionist views for the restoration and creation of a Jewish national state in Palestine both in his writings and in his oratory, of which he was a master. During the next decade, he continued to work as a journalist while traveling in Europe and crystallizing his Zionist views, which tended to be uncompromising and political, rather than cultural.
During World War I, he was convinced that the Ottoman Empire, then the ruling power in Palestine, would fall and that in this vacuum the Jews could colonize Palestine if they had demonstrated service to the Allies. He thus convinced the British government to allow military participation by Jewish refugees from the Ottoman Empire.
In 1920 Jabotinsky organized and led a Jewish self-defense movement (Haganah) against the Arabs in Palestine. The British, who then ruled the country, sentenced him to 15 years at hard labour, but this action provoked such an outcry that he was soon reprieved. In the 1920s he was active in many international Zionist organizations, including the World Union of Zionist Revisionists in 1925.
Testifying before the British Royal Commission on Palestine, Jabotinsky gave an impassioned expression of his Revisionist views. The source of Jewish suffering was not merely anti-Semitism, he said, but the Diaspora (dispersion) itself; the Jews were a stateless people. Assigning cultural Zionism a relatively low priority, he advocated the creation of a Palestinian Jewish state on both sides of the Jordan, with continued Jewish immigration to achieve a Jewish majority there, and employment of Jewish troops for self-defense as part of the permanent garrison. In 1940, while in the United States to visit Betar, the youth organization of the Zionist Revisionist Party, Jabotinsky died of a heart attack. His followers, who had already founded the Irgun Zvai Leumi terrorist group, active in Palestine in the 1940s, later founded the Israeli Ḥerut Party.
Herod's Gate
Herod's Gate (Sha'ar HaPerachim - Translated: Gate of the flowers) is a gate in the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. Its elevation is 755 meters above sea level. It adjoins the Muslim Quarter, and is a short distance to the east of the Damascus Gate. In proximity to the gate is an Arab neighborhood called Bab a-Zahara, a variation of the Arabic name for the gate. The Arabic name, bab al-Zahra, derived from the 'even ground' north of it, "as-Saahira." It has nothing to do with flowers, and thus the Hebrew translation of "Sha'ar ha-prakhim" seems to be a misnomer.
Names
Herod's Gate is the Christian name of the gate. In Luke 23:7 Jesus is sent by Pontius Pilate to Herod Antipas, and a Christian tradition identifies the site of nearby Greek Orthodox Church of St Nicodemus with the palace of Herod Antipas. The current church is built on top of a ruined Crusader church and is called in Arabic Deir al-'Adas, "the monastery of the lentils", based on another tradition claiming that it once had a soup kitchen feeding lentil soup to the poor. Yet another tradition claims that the church is built on top of the prison in which Saint Peter was held by Herod Agrippa, the nephew of Herod Antipas.
Bab az-Zahra is the Arab Muslim name of the gate. In proximity to the gate is an Arab neighborhood called Bab az-Zahra. Az-Zahra is a corruption of the name As-Sahira given to the hill and cemetery across the road, where people are buried who have performed the pilgrimage to Mecca. Sura 79; 6-14 of the Koran speaks of the Day of Resurrection using the phrase "they shall return to the earth's surface ("as-sāhira")", and an old tradition interprets this term as the proper name of a concrete valley or plain, identified at least since the 11th century as the nearby Kidron Valley. The other meaning of "sahira", taken as a verb, is "to be watchful" and would indicate how the newly resurrected would look around waiting for the events to follow. The name "Sahira", once corrupted to "Zahra", sometimes rendered as "Zahara" and on maps from the late 19th-early 20th century as "Zahira(h)", became very similar to an Arabic word for flower or blossom, zahra.
Sha'ar HaPrakhim, "Flowers Gate", is the Hebrew name of the gate. Interpreted as a translation of the Arabic Bab az-Zahra, explained above, it would seem to be a misnomer. However, the popular etymology of the Hebrew name connects it to the stone rosette which decorates the gate tower.
History
This modest gate is one of the newest gates of Jerusalem. At the time when Suleiman the Magnificent built the wall, a small wicket gate was situated in front of the current gate, which was rarely opened. By 1875, in order to provide a passageway to the neighborhoods which were beginning to develop north of the Old City, the Ottomans made a breach in the northern part of the structure and closed the original opening.
The gate is named after Herod the Great. That is because in the Crusaders' period a church was built near the gate in the belief that at the time of the Crucifixion of Jesus, Herod Antipas's house was situated at that spot. In its place today stands the church of Dir Al Ads.
In 1998 and during several subsequent excavation seasons (the latest in 2004), archaeologists of the Israel Antiquities Authority dug in the eastern area of Herod's Gate. The digging focused on three separate areas adjacent to the wall, in which nine archeological layers were discovered – covering from the Iron age up through the Turkish period. Among the most significant discoveries were structures from the period of the Second Temple, a complete segment of the Byzantine-Roman wall, and remnants of massive construction underneath the wall. These remnants were identified as portions of a fortification from the ancient Muslim period and from the Middle Ages. These discoveries point out the importance which the rulers of the city gave to the fortification of one of its most sensitive places—the northern wall of Jerusalem—as historical accounts indicate that circa 1099 the Crusader soldiers in the command of Godfrey of Bouillon entered the city through a breach located in proximity to the present Herod's Gate.