Poland Banknotes 100 Zloty banknote 1975 Ludwik Warynski
National Bank of Poland - Narodowy Bank Polski
Polish People's Republic - Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa
Obverse: Portrait of Ludwik Waryński (1856 - 1889) - 19th century socialist activist and ideologue of the Polish labor movement, editor of "Proletaryat").
Reverse: The Banner headline of the first issue of "PROLETARYAT" (International Social Revolutionary Party "Proletaryat" - Proletariat) magazine of 1883 against
the background of Red flags.
Watermark: White Eagle - Coat of arms of Poland.
signatures:
President of the National Bank of Poland- Witold Bien
Chief Treasurer of the National Bank of Poland - Czeslaw Kaminski
Issue date: January 15, 1975
Dimension: 138 x 63 mm.
Printer: PWPW - Polska Wytwórnia Papierów Wartościowych S.A. (Polish Security Printing Works, Warsaw, Poland)
Banknote design by Andrzej Heidrich, engraved by Boguslaw Brandt.
In Circulation: From July 1, 1975 to December 31, 1996.
Poland banknotes - Poland paper money
1974-1993
100000 Zloty 200000 Zloty 500000 Zloty 1000000 Zloty 2000000 Zloty
Ludwik Waryński
Ludwik Tadeusz Waryński (24 September 1856 at Martynówka – 2 March 1889 in Shlisselburg) was an activist and theoretician of the socialist movement in Poland.
Waryński was born at Martynówka, Kiev Governorate (Мартинівка in present-day Kaniv Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine), the son of a January Uprising insurrectionist. In 1865, he began his education at the gymnasium in Biała Cerkiew. Beginning in 1874 he studied in Saint Petersburg at the Technological Institute, where he met other socialists, and joined the Polish Socialist Youth. Student disturbances at the Institute in 1875 led to Waryński being forced to leave. He returned to his father's residence under police surveillance, and spent the next year educating himself.
Early in 1877, he arrived in Warsaw and dedicated himself to furthering socialism in Polish. He founded the first socialist magazine in the lands of the Russian-occupied Poland. He then joined the Agronomical School in Puławy while still a leader of Warsaw's workers movement. In 1879 Tsarist police found him in Warsaw and forced him to leave Russia.
He moved to Lvov, and, one year later, to Kraków, where he continued his socialist work. He was arrested by Austro-Hungarian police in February 1879 and jailed until his trial in February 1880, at which he was acquitted (after making a long speech defending the socialist ideas). Nevertheless, he was forced to leave for Switzerland, where his socialist ideas and international contacts developed further. Waryński was the author of the Brussels Program, an ideological declaration of Polish socialists. During his stay in Switzerland, he also met his future wife Anna Sieroszewska (sister of Wacław Sieroszewski), with whom he had a son, Tadeusz.
In 1882, Waryński returned to Warsaw, where he created the first Polish workers' party, called The Proletariat. In 1883 he was arrested by the Tsarist secret police and, after a trial with 29 co-defendants in 1885, sentenced to 16 years in prison in Shlisselburg. He died there of tuberculosis 4 years later.
During the times of the People's Republic of Poland, the socialist movement pioneered by Waryński was conventionally presented as the starting point of the Polish socialist tradition. Countless Polish schoolchildren memorized Elegia o śmierci Ludwika Waryńskiego, the powerful poem of Waryński's death by Władysław Broniewski.